Germany’s decision to reintroduce temporary border controls at its land frontiers with France, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Denmark has prompted a wave of adjustments across Europe.
Transport companies are adjusting schedules to account for potential delays, particularly for perishable goods, with some investing in enhanced refrigeration to maintain quality. Commuters in border regions, such as those crossing from Belgium to Luxembourg for work, are planning extra travel time and carrying identification documents. Tourism boards are promoting alternative routes and digital tools to help visitors navigate delays, ensuring cross-border travel remains accessible.
The Berlin government says the measures aim to address migration concerns while balancing the need for smooth cross-border movement. The changes reflect a pragmatic approach to managing security and mobility, with efforts underway to minimise disruption for travellers and businesses.
The temporary controls, permitted under the Schengen Borders Code as a last-resort measure, involve random checks at key border crossings. Germany’s Federal Police are collaborating with neighbouring authorities to conduct targeted inspections, focusing on irregular migration and cross-border crime.
This follows existing checks at Germany’s borders with Poland, the Czech Republic, Austria, and Switzerland, creating a comprehensive monitoring system across all nine land borders. The government says mobile units and joint patrols are ensuring checks are efficient and adaptable.
France, Belgium, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, and Denmark have also maintained or expanded their own border measures. France continues checks at borders with Belgium, Germany, Spain, and Italy, particularly at major transport hubs. The Netherlands has introduced inspections at key crossings, while Denmark focuses on entry points from Germany, including ferry ports. Belgium and Luxembourg, though supportive of open borders, have implemented selective controls to align with regional efforts.
The coordinated actions aim to strengthen security while preserving the spirit of the Schengen Area, which allows free movement across 29 European countries.
To address traffic congestion, authorities are working to streamline checks. Germany’s Interior Ministry has pledged to limit disruptions for commuters and transport operators, with targeted inspections rather than blanket controls. For example, smaller crossings like those near Aachen, where Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands meet, are seeing minimal delays due to strategic policing. France and Denmark are using technology, such as automated document scanners, to speed up processing at busy routes. The European Commission is engaging with member states to ensure compliance with Schengen rules, encouraging solutions that balance security with efficient travel.
